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Health and Wealth WP 10/05

Appendix C (continued)

General logistic models

Appendix Table 20 – The likelihood of non-positive net wealth – initial logistic model
Dependent variable likelihood of non-positive net wealth Coefficient Standard error P-values C.I. 95% Percentage point effects
        Lower Upper  
Age at end of sample period            
        Age -0.3924 0.0514 0.00 -0.4932 -0.2917 -0.7400
     √ Age 4.4446 0.6404 0.00 3.1895 5.6997  
Annual personal income -2.30E-07 1.65E-06 0.89 -3.46E-06 3.00E-06 -0.0029
Geographic region (Auckland is control)            
     Waikato -0.5017 0.2250 0.03 -0.9427 -0.0606 -1.5411
     Wellington -0.6558 0.1939 0.00 -1.0359 -0.2758 -1.8857
     Rest of North Island -0.4282 0.1668 0.01 -0.7551 -0.1013 -1.3582
     Canterbury -0.6809 0.1934 0.00 -1.0601 -0.3018 -1.9372
     Rest of South Island -0.9277 0.2283 0.00 -1.3752 -0.4803 -2.3822
Ethnicity (European is control)            
     Māori 0.5147 0.1747 0.00 0.1724 0.8571 1.6018
     Pacific Island 0.6961 0.2348 0.00 0.2359 1.1563 2.3742
     Asian -0.4151 0.2824 0.14 -0.9686 0.1383 -0.8289
     Other 0.1677 0.4250 0.69 -0.6654 1.0007 0.4396
Highest qualification Achieved (no qualification is control)            
     School qualifications -0.2697 0.1854 0.15 -0.6331 0.0938 -0.6352
     Vocational or higher 0.0831 0.1722 0.63 -0.2545 0.4206 0.2307
     University or higher 0.0174 0.2081 0.93 -0.3905 0.4253 0.0469
Deprivation (least deprived is control)            
     Less deprivation 0.0383 0.2011 0.85 -0.3558 0.4324 0.0995
     Median deprivation -0.1096 0.2072 0.60 -0.5157 0.2965 -0.2653
     More deprivation -0.0866 0.1926 0.65 -0.4641 0.2910 -0.2117
     Most deprived 0.1952 0.2086 0.35 -0.2137 0.6042 0.5462
Gender (female is control) 0.0588 0.1853 0.75 -0.3044 0.4220 0.1506
Partnered (non-partnered is control)            
     Partnered if male -0.0770 0.2161 0.72 -0.5006 0.3466 -0.2015
     Partnered if female -0.1229 0.1824 0.50 -0.4803 0.2345 -0.3147
Children in household (no children is control)            
     Children under 5 -0.1232 0.1787 0.49 -0.4736 0.2271 -0.3163
     Children over 5 -0.2038 0.1417 0.15 -0.4816 0.0740 -0.5040
Years of paid employment -0.0123 0.0114 0.28 -0.0346 0.0100 -0.1573
Born in New Zealand (born overseas is control) -0.2719 0.1696 0.11 -0.6042 0.0605 -0.7503
Smoking status (never smoked is control)            
     Current smoker 0.3998 0.1364 0.00 0.1326 0.6671 1.0921
     Past smoker 0.2268 0.1570 0.15 -0.0809 0.5344 0.5685
Benefit receipt (no benefit is control) 0.2235 0.1521 0.14 -0.0746 0.5216 0.5876
Constant -15.0189 1.9291 0.00 -18.7998 -11.2380  
Regression characteristics            
           Pseudo R-squared value   0.0945        
           Number of observations (Unweighted) 16,900        
  (Weighted) 2,787,900        

Source: SoFIE Waves 1–3, OSMs, longitudinal weights, supplied by Statistics New Zealand

Note:

  1. Percentage point changes are calculated as the increase in percentage points of the probability to have non-positive net wealth for a change in the variable with all other variables held at their mean. For categorical variables this is a change from the control. For age and years of paid employment this is a five-year change, for personal income a change of $5,000.

The probability of a European with average characteristics having non-positive net wealth is 2.48%. The probability of the same person if they were Māori is 4.08%. The difference between these two (4.08 - 2.48) is 1.60, the percentage point difference.

Appendix Table 21 – Health and the likelihood of non-positive net wealth
Dependent variable likelihood of non-positive net wealth Coefficient Standard error P-values C.I. 95% Percentage point effects
        Lower Upper  
Physical discomfort (low discomfort is control)            
     Moderate discomfort 0.0756 0.2186 0.73 -0.3529 0.5041 0.1783
     High discomfort -0.2335 0.2958 0.43 -0.8133 0.3463 -0.4760
Psychological distress (low distress is control)            
     Moderate distress 0.2187 0.1554 0.16 -0.0859 0.5232 0.5529
     High distress 0.6772 0.1961 0.00 0.2929 1.0616 2.1546
Self-rated health (excellent health is control)            
     Very good health 0.1062 0.1430 0.46 -0.1740 0.3864 0.2291
     Good health 0.4879 0.1653 0.00 0.1639 0.8120 1.2721
     Fair health 0.8599 0.2487 0.00 0.3725 1.3474 2.7157
     Poor health 1.0111 0.3843 0.01 0.2578 1.7643 3.4566
Chronic conditions (no condition is control)            
     Asthma -0.0608 0.1479 0.68 -0.3507 0.2291 -0.1527
     High blood pressure 0.0976 0.1903 0.61 -0.2754 0.4705 0.2642
     High cholesterol 0.4214 0.2037 0.04 0.0222 0.8207 1.3363
     Heart disease 1.0884 0.2742 0.00 0.5511 1.6258 4.8383
     Diabetes 0.1657 0.3071 0.59 -0.4363 0.7677 0.4635
     Stroke 0.6461 0.4561 0.16 -0.2478 1.5399 2.2918
     Migraines 0.2838 0.1562 0.07 -0.0223 0.5899 0.8411
     Depression or Schizophrenia 0.5118 0.1767 0.00 0.1654 0.8582 1.6974

Source and Note: See Appendix Table 20.

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