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Health and Labour Force Participation WP 10/03

Appendix D

Appendix Table D1 - Estimated coefficients for labour force participation -
pooled logistic regression model - grouped chronic diseases: 2002/03 to 2004/05
  Coefficient Standard error P value 95% confidence intervals
        Lower Upper
Sex (base=male)          
Female -0.247** 0.104 0.017 -0.452 -0.043
Region (base=Auckland)          
Waikato 0.134 0.088 0.128 -0.038 0.306
Wellington 0.004 0.076 0.960 -0.144 0.152
Rest of North Island -0.024 0.067 0.723 -0.155 0.108
Canterbury 0.066 0.075 0.381 -0.081 0.213
Rest of South Island -0.068 0.077 0.378 -0.220 0.083
Born in New Zealand (base=yes)          
No -0.111* 0.067 0.096 -0.243 0.020
Ethnicity (base=NZ/European)          
Māori -0.135** 0.066 0.042 -0.265 -0.005
Pacific Islander -0.032 0.109 0.771 -0.244 0.181
Other -0.170* 0.101 0.093 -0.368 0.028
Age at interview date -0.108*** 0.005 0.000 -0.118 -0.098
Aged 50 and over (base=15-49)          
Aged 50 and over 6.510*** 0.670 0.000 5.198 7.823
Highest qualification (base=school qualification)          
Post-school vocational qualification 0.190*** 0.057 0.001 0.079 0.301
Degree or higher 0.840*** 0.078 0.000 0.687 0.992
No qualification -0.414*** 0.063 0.000 -0.537 -0.291
Chronic disease presence (base=no (or u/k) chronic diseases)          
One or more known chronic diseases -0.378*** 0.045 0.000 -0.467 -0.289
Studying (base=no studying) -0.357*** 0.056 0.000 -0.466 -0.248
Other household income -0.007 0.006 0.241 -0.018 0.005
Partner (base=working partner)          
Non-working partner -1.396*** 0.102 0.000 -1.596 -1.196
No partner -1.053*** 0.102 0.000 -1.253 -0.854
Children (base=no children)          
Child(ren) minimum age 0-<5 0.634*** 0.158 0.000 0.325 0.943
Child(ren) minimum age 5-17 -0.239** 0.107 0.025 -0.448 -0.029
Years paid employment 0.182*** 0.009 0.000 0.165 0.199
Years paid employment squared -0.001*** 0.000 0.000 -0.001 -0.001
Unemployment rate -0.124*** 0.031 0.000 -0.185 -0.063
Interactions          
Female*Child(ren) minimum age 0-<5 -2.925*** 0.166 0.000 -3.251 -2.599
Female*Child(ren) minimum age 5-17 -0.254** 0.123 0.038 -0.495 -0.014
Female*Non-working partner 0.084 0.147 0.567 -0.204 0.372
Female*No partner 0.369*** 0.115 0.001 0.144 0.594
Aged 50 and over*Age -0.130*** 0.013 0.000 -0.155 -0.106
Constant 5.024*** 0.224 0.000 4.586 5.462
Model summary statistics Coefficient
Number of observations 39,310
Number of unique respondents (clusters) 13,940
Chi-squared 3,401.23
Log-likelihood -13,178.71
Pseudo R2 0.2968

Source: SoFIE Waves 1-3 Version 4, unweighted, Statistics New Zealand

Notes:

1. Based on original sample members with responses in all three waves who are aged over 15 at the end of the reference period in Wave 1. Full-time students and those 65 years of age and over are excluded. Responses in each wave are included in the model separately. The relationship between person responses in each wave was accounted for by defining the people as clusters. The number of observations in each wave is not equal owing to the small number of missing values for variables of interest in certain waves or owing to student/retirement status changing between waves. All variables were included in the model and significant and insignificant variables or variable categories are kept in for completeness.

2. *Significant at the 90% level. **Significant at the 95% level. ***Significant at the 99% level.

3. Psychiatric conditions include depression, manic depression and schizophrenia.

4. The likelihood of labour market participation was modelled. Not participating is the base category.

Appendix Table D2 - Mean and standard deviations of variables - pooled regression models -
individual chronic diseases: 2002/03 to 2004/05
  Mean Standard deviation
Labour force participation (participation=1, not participating=0) 0.816 0.387
Labour market outcome (full-time=0, part-time=1, unemployed=2, inactive=3) 0.758 1.153
Gender (male=0, female=1) 0.538 0.499
Region (base=Auckland)    
Waikato (=1) 0.089 0.285
Wellington (=1) 0.135 0.342
Rest of North Island (=1) 0.217 0.412
Canterbury (=1) 0.162 0.368
Rest of South Island (=1) 0.143 0.350
Born in NZ (yes=1, no=0) 0.198 0.398
Ethnicity (base=NZ/European)    
Māori (=1) 0.117 0.321
Pacific Islander (=1) 0.046 0.209
Other (=1) 0.067 0.250
Age at interview date 42.250 12.242
Age 50 and over (15-49=0, 50 and over=1) 0.311 0.463
Highest Qualification (base=school qualification)    
Post-school vocational qualification (=1) 0.371 0.483
Degree or higher (=1) 0.161 0.367
No qualification (=1) 0.212 0.409
Asthma (asthma=1, no asthma=0) 0.186 0.389
High blood pressure (High blood pressure=1, no high blood pressure=0) 0.163 0.370
High cholesterol (High cholesterol=1, no high cholesterol=0) 0.140 0.347
Heart disease (Heart disease=1, no heart disease=0)           0.032 0.177
Diabetes (diabetes=1, no diabetes=0) 0.033 0.177
Stroke (stroke=1, no stroke=0) 0.011 0.105
Migraine (migraine=1, no migraine=0) 0.140 0.347
Psychiatric conditions (Psychiatric conditions=1, no psychiatric conditions=0) 0.103 0.304
Cancer (base=no cancer)    
Cancer (=1) 0.029 0.169
Unknown (=1) 0.235 0.424
Studying (no studying in reference period=0, studying in reference period=1) 0.119 0.323
Other household income 8.398 4.083
Partner (base=working partner)    
Non-working partner (=1) 0.113 0.317
No partner (=1) 0.308 0.462
Children (base=no children)    
Child(ren) minimum age 0-<5 0.161 0.367
Child(ren) minimum age 5-17 0.272 0.445
Years paid employment 22.116 12.399
Unemployment rate 4.174 0.531
Number of observations 39,310

Source: SoFIE Waves 1-3 Version 4, unweighted, Statistics New Zealand

Notes:

1. Based on original sample members with responses in all three waves who are aged over 15 at the end of the reference period in Wave 1. Full-time students and those 65 years of age and over are excluded. Data for all three waves is pooled together to create an average rate.

2. Psychiatric conditions include depression, manic depression and schizophrenia.

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