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Wage and Employment Rates in New Zealand from 1991 to 2001 - WP 03/13

Appendix: Additional Tables (continued)

Table A.3 – Occupation and Industry Proportions: Unemployed
Category 1991  2001
Industry Division
Agriculture, hunting, fishing and forestry 0.1044 0.1192
Mining/quarrying 0.0040 0.0033
Manufacturing 0.2148 0.1325
Electricity/gas/water 0.0046 0.0022
Construction 0.0978 0.0635
Wholesale and retail trade, restaurants, hotels 0.2155 0.2194
Transport and storage 0.0261 0.0273
communication 0.0261 0.0273
Finance, insurance, real estate, business services 0.0562 0.0880
Other services 0.1778 0.1927
Other 0.0687 0.1225
Occupational Group
Legislators, administrators and managers 0.0426 0.0549
Professionals 0.0476 0.0561
Technicians and associate professionals 0.0653 0.0860
Clerks 0.1157 0.0998
Service sales workers 0.1611 0.2207
Agriculture and fishery workers 0.1121 0.1297
Trades workers 0.1462 0.0823
Plant and machine operators and assemblers 0.1540 0.1110
Elementary occupations 0.1540 0.1608

Table A.4– Two-Step Wage and Selection Model: Married Women and Men

 

 Wage equation Selection equation
  Married men Married women Married men Married women
  Coef. z-value Coef. z-value Coef. z-value Coef. z-value
  Coef. z-value Coef. z-value Coef. z-value Coef. z-value
  Married men Married women Married men Married women

 

 Wage equation Selection equation
age/10 0.5494 16.36 0.2633 8.91 1.2366 9.94 1.1821 11.39
Age sq./100 -0.0644 -15.65 -0.0305 -8.53 -0.1663 -11.04 -0.1710 -13.18
Education (reference group is less than school cert.)
School certific. 0.0983 6.79 0.0686 5.57 0.3334 6.39 0.3118 8.39
Bursary 0.1706 4.44 0.2002 5.44 0.8419 5.84 0.4876 4.38
Voc./trade cert. 0.1204 3.16 0.2502 6.60 0.8552 6.02 0.6424 5.56
Bach. Deg/dipl. 0.1520 2.51 0.2655 4.50 1.1023 4.12 0.4255 2.09
Post-grad. qual. -0.1188 -1.27 0.4224 4.18 0.3287 0.79 1.0555 2.74
part deg/other 0.1174 2.50 0.2808 6.23 0.6202 3.50 0.7451 5.14
Pgrad*age/10 0.1249 5.80 -0.0171 -0.70 0.0999 1.09 -0.0401 -0.45
Bach*age/10 0.0294 2.08 0.0000 0.00 -0.1195 -2.06 0.0608 1.22
Voc/med*age/10 0.0003 0.04 -0.0271 -3.20 -0.0965 -3.28 -0.0304 -1.20
Nr of children         -0.0186 -0.94 -0.0715 -4.35
Age of youngest child
0         -0.0786 -1.00 -1.5586 -24.76
1 to 3         -0.1014 -1.51 -1.1055 -21.30
4 to 5         -0.1388 -1.70 -0.8256 -12.91
6 to 9         -0.1167 -1.64 -0.4392 -7.89
Over 9         -0.1537 -2.05 -0.1865 -3.11
Maori/Pacif.Isl. -0.0259 -0.92 -0.0221 -0.83 -0.3522 -3.49 0.1178 1.35
Maori/Pac.only -0.0860 -3.96 -0.0516 -2.51 -0.2907 -4.20 0.0346 0.56
Other non-Eur. -0.2150 -3.73 -0.2758 -2.14 -0.2998 -1.46 -0.4340 -1.20
Other n.E. only     -0.1235 -2.09     0.1819 1.02
Pgr/bac*ma/pa 0.0157 0.24 -0.2001 -3.24 0.2229 0.75 -0.1278 -0.58
Pgr/bac*other 0.1440 2.48 0.0959 1.56 -0.3339 -1.72 -0.0877 -0.50
voc/med*ma/pa 0.0142 0.49 -0.0875 -2.87 -0.0419 -0.41 -0.1775 -1.89
Voc/med*other 0.0861 1.37 0.1555 2.45 -0.0335 -0.15 0.1115 0.61
Industry (reference group is services)
Agriculture -0.0681 -2.81 0.0284 0.89        
Mining/quarry 0.1704 3.57 0.1710 0.90        
Manufacturing 0.0632 4.82 0.0484 3.14        
Elec./gas/water 0.1331 4.80 0.0574 0.92        
Construction -0.0139 -0.74 0.0005 0.01        
Trade -0.1115 -7.89 -0.0612 -5.05        
Transport 0.0425 2.05 0.0359 1.45        
finance/real est. 0.1357 8.92 0.0712 5.38        
communication 0.0618 2.98 0.0529 1.68        
other 0.0088 0.27 0.0627 1.85        
Occupation (reference group is elementary occupations)
manager 0.2945 16.12 0.3517 17.28        
professional 0.2596 12.82 0.3844 19.63        
Associate prof. 0.2648 13.40 0.3208 15.18        
clerks 0.1295 5.48 0.2587 14.49        
Sales workers 0.1154 5.45 0.0692 3.81        
Agr./fish. wrk. -0.0269 -0.92 -0.0057 -0.15        
Trades workers 0.1186 6.29 0.1092 3.33        
plant/mach.wrk 0.0608 3.33 0.0330 1.35        
Elig. NZ super         -0.7700 -8.40 -0.3020 -3.14
Other inc./1000         -0.1233 -3.72 -0.1412 -4.85
Partner
wage inc./1000         -0.0464 -0.71 -0.0422 -2.51
employed         0.6258 14.02 0.7027 18.72
School certific.         0.2114 4.62 0.0426 0.97
bursary         0.2685 4.36 0.0834 1.52
Voc./trade cert.         0.1489 3.04 0.0031 0.09
Bach. Deg/dipl.         0.1112 1.41 -0.1874 -3.55
Post-grad. qual.         -0.2191 -1.86 -0.3867 -5.24
part deg/other         0.1393 1.11 -0.0536 -0.54
Maori/Pacif.Isl. -0.0429 -1.63 0.0302 1.08 -0.1110 -1.08 0.0349 0.39
Maori/Pac.only -0.0843 -4.66 0.0056 0.31 -0.2268 -3.63 0.0435 0.77
Other non-Eur. 0.0857 0.83 0.0363 0.18 -0.0272 -0.06 -0.6730 -1.14
Other n.E. only -0.1477 -3.29 -0.1825 -0.90 -0.1456 -0.79 -0.6280 -3.97
Elig. NZ super         0.0014 0.01 -0.1440 -2.35
Region (reference group is Auckland)
North North isl -0.0888 -6.91 -0.0939 -7.54 -0.2224 -4.61 -0.1020 -2.63
Central N. isl -0.1154 -8.42 -0.0746 -5.62 -0.2136 -4.08 -0.0191 -0.45
Wellington 0.0405 3.12 0.0327 2.59 -0.0993 -1.83 0.1330 3.15
Canterbury -0.0888 -6.47 -0.0716 -5.28 -0.1111 -1.96 -0.0237 -0.55
South island -0.0940 -6.88 -0.0955 -7.14 -0.1457 -2.61 -0.0239 -0.56
Year (trend) 0.0024 0.90 0.0079 3.12 0.0193 1.81 0.0125 1.53
Unempl. rate -0.0069 -1.89 0.0006 0.13 -0.0371 -2.62 -0.0197 -1.33
constant 1.4898 17.86 1.7295 21.32 -1.2602 -4.24 -1.7044 -6.76
Correlation 0.4856   0.3141   Nr of obs. 10528   12294
sigma 0.3716   0.3366   Nr of cens.obs

 

2081

  

 

5076
Mill’s ratio 0.1804 6.50 0.1057 7.69        
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