G - N by JEL Classification Number Index to Research & Policy Publications

Page updated 9 Apr 2013

Working Papers, Policy Perspectives Papers and Treasury Papers listed by JEL (Journal of Economic Literature) classification numbers beginning G - N.

• JEL Classification
• A
• B
• C
• D
• E
• F
• G
• H
• I
• J
• L
• M
• N
• O
• P
• Q
• R
• S
• T
• U
• V
• W

G

G00

• Economic Integration, Sovereignty and Identity: New Zealand in the Global Economy (WP 00/22)
• Securitisation: A Public Policy Tool? (WP 00/08)

G01

• Economic Imbalances: New Zealand's Structural Challenge (WP 11/03)

G10

• Financial Systems and Economic Growth: An Evaluation Framework for Policy (WP 04/17)
• Geometric Return and Portfolio Analysis (WP 03/28)

G1

• Financing New Zealand Superannuation (WP 01/20)

G20

• Financial Systems and Economic Growth: An Evaluation Framework for Policy (WP 04/17)

G31

• Contemporary Microeconomic Foundations for the Structure and Management of the Public Sector (WP 12/01)

G32

• Improving the Management of the Crown’s Exposure to Risk (WP 09/06)

G38

• Financial Systems and Economic Growth: An Evaluation Framework for Policy (WP 04/17)

• JEL Classification
• A
• B
• C
• D
• E
• F
• G
• H
• I
• J
• L
• M
• N
• O
• P
• Q
• R
• S
• T
• U
• V
• W

H

H00

• Outcomes Focussed Management in New Zealand - A Background Paper (WP 01/05)

H0

• Encouraging Quality Regulation: Theories and Tools (WP 03/24)
• Reducing Maori and Pacific Inequalities (WP 01/30)
• Towards an Inclusive Economy (WP 01/15)

H11

• Consumption Externalities and the Role of Government: The Case of Alcohol (WP 02/25)
• Crown Financial Asset Management: Objectives and Practice (WP 01/12)
• Does Crown Financial Portfolio Composition Matter? (WP 01/34)
• Effective Tax Rates on Capital in New Zealand - Changes 1972-1998 (WP 99/12)
• Improving the Management of the Crown’s Exposure to Risk (WP 09/06)
• Objectives, Targets and Instruments for Crown Financial Policy (WP 03/21)
• Subsidiarity: Implications for New Zealand (WP 02/03)
• Three Policy Options for Crown Financial Policy (WP 03/30)

H19

• "Managing for Outcomes" in the New Zealand Public Management System (WP 04/15)
• Striking a Balance: Centralised and Decentralised Decisions in Government (WP 02/15)

H20

• Fiscal Policy, Growth and Convergence in Europe (WP 03/14)
• Tax Policy with Uncertain Future Costs: Some Simple Models (WP 13/07)

H21

• The Excess Burden of Taxation and Why it (Approximately) Quadruples When the Tax Rate Doubles (WP 03/29)

H22

• Household Incomes in New Zealand: The impact of the Market, Taxes and Government Spending, 1987/88–1997/98 (WP 04/20)

H23

• Adult Equivalence Scales, Inequality and Poverty in New Zealand (WP 04/21)
• Carbon Taxation, Prices and Household Welfare in New Zealand (WP 04/23)
• Consumption Externalities and the Role of Government: The Case of Alcohol (WP 02/25)
• Equity and Efficiency Measures of Tax-Transfer Systems: Some Evidence for New Zealand (WP 08/04)
• Property Rights and Environmental Policy: A New Zealand Perspective (WP 03/02)
• Theory vs Reality: Making Environmental Use Rights Work in New Zealand (WP 04/06)

H24

• Average Marginal Income Tax Rates for New Zealand, 1907-2009 (WP 12/04)
• The Elasticity of Taxable Income in New Zealand (WP 12/03)
• Equity and Efficiency Measures of Tax-Transfer Systems: Some Evidence for New Zealand (WP 08/04)
• Human Capital Policies and The Distribution of Income: A Framework for Analysis and Literature Review (WP 01/03)
• Income Tax Revenue Elasticities with Endogenous Labour Supply (WP 02/22)
• Knowledge, Capabilities and Human Capital Formation in Economic Growth (WP 01/13)
• Regression Estimates of the Elasticity of Taxable Income and the Choice of Instrument (WP 13/08)
• Tax Rates and Revenue Changes: Behavioural and Structural Factors (WP 11/05)

H25

• An Analysis of a Cash Flow Tax for Small Business (WP 02/27)
• Financial Systems and Economic Growth: An Evaluation Framework for Policy (WP 04/17)
• Regulatory Harmonisation - Issues for New Zealand (WP 01/01)

H26

• Tax Rates and Revenue Changes: Behavioural and Structural Factors (WP 11/05)

H2

• Publicly Financed Education in an Endogenous Growth Model (WP 02/24)

H30

• The Excess Burden of Taxation and Why it (Approximately) Quadruples When the Tax Rate Doubles (WP 03/29)
• Fiscal Policy, Growth and Convergence in Europe (WP 03/14)
• Population Ageing and the Efficiency of Fiscal Policy in New Zealand (WP 02/11)

H31

• Average Marginal Income Tax Rates for New Zealand, 1907-2009 (WP 12/04)
• Carbon Taxation, Prices and Household Welfare in New Zealand (WP 04/23)
• The Effects on New Zealand Households of an Increase in the Petrol Excise Tax (WP 04/01)
• The Elasticity of Taxable Income in New Zealand (WP 12/03)
• Income Tax Revenue Elasticities with Endogenous Labour Supply (WP 02/22)
• Labour Supply Incentives in Alternative Tax and Transfer Schemes: A Diagrammatic Introduction (WP 03/08)
• Regression Estimates of the Elasticity of Taxable Income and the Choice of Instrument (WP 13/08)
• Tax Rates and Revenue Changes: Behavioural and Structural Factors (WP 11/05)

H40

• Contemporary Microeconomic Foundations for the Structure and Management of the Public Sector (WP 12/01)
• Regulatory Issues in Biosecurity (WP 01/23)

H43

• Determining the Discount Rate for Government Projects (WP 02/21)

H4

• Determining the Discount Rate for Government Projects (WP 02/21)
• Publicly Financed Education in an Endogenous Growth Model (WP 02/24)

H50

• Challenges and Choices: Modelling New Zealand's Long-term Fiscal Position (WP 10/01)
• Investing in Well-being: An Analytical Framework (WP 02/23)
• Population Ageing and Social Expenditure in New Zealand: Stochastic Projections (WP 02/28)
• Social Expenditure in New Zealand: Stochastic Projections (WP 13/06)

H51

• Population Ageing and Government Health Expenditures in New Zealand, 1951-2051 (WP 04/14)

H52

• Publicly Financed Education in an Endogenous Growth Model (WP 02/24)

H55

• Financing New Zealand Superannuation (WP 01/20)
• Geometric Return and Portfolio Analysis (WP 03/28)
• New Zealand’s Social Assistance System: Financial Incentives to Work (WP 03/18)
• New Zealand's Family Assistance Tax Credits: Evolution and Operation (WP 02/16)

H5

• Household Incomes in New Zealand: The impact of the Market, Taxes and Government Spending, 1987/88–1997/98 (WP 04/20)
• Human Capital and the Inclusive Economy (WP 01/16)

H60

• The Built-in Flexibility of Income and Consumption Taxes in New Zealand (WP 03/05)
• Indicators of Fiscal Impulse for New Zealand (WP 02/30)
• Long-term Fiscal Projections and their Relationship with the Intertemporal Budget Constraint: An Application to New Zealand (WP 02/04)
• Population Ageing and the Efficiency of Fiscal Policy in New Zealand (WP 02/11)

H61

• Automatic Fiscal Stabilisers: Implications for New Zealand (WP 01/10)
• Budget Management That Counts: Recent Approaches to Budget and Fiscal Management in New Zealand (WP 01/24)
• Fiscal Institutions in New Zealand and the Question of a Spending Cap (WP 10/07)
• Government and economic growth: Does size matter? (TP11/01)
• New Zealand's Fiscal Policy Framework: Experience and Evolution (WP 01/25)
• A Structural VAR Approach to Estimating Budget Balance Targets (WP 01/11)
• Working Towards Higher Living Standards for New Zealanders (TP11/02)

H62

• Estimating New Zealand's Structural Budget Balance (WP 10/08)

H63

• Crown Financial Asset Management: Objectives and Practice (WP 01/12)
• Does Crown Financial Portfolio Composition Matter? (WP 01/34)
• Objectives, Targets and Instruments for Crown Financial Policy (WP 03/21)
• Three Policy Options for Crown Financial Policy (WP 03/30)

H68

• An Analysis of Tax Revenue Forecast Errors (WP 07/02)

H71

• The Built-in Flexibility of Income and Consumption Taxes in New Zealand (WP 03/05)

H77

• Effective Tax Rates on Capital in New Zealand - Changes 1972-1998 (WP 99/12)
• Subsidiarity: Implications for New Zealand (WP 02/03)

• JEL Classification
• A
• B
• C
• D
• E
• F
• G
• H
• I
• J
• L
• M
• N
• O
• P
• Q
• R
• S
• T
• U
• V
• W

I

I0

• Household Incomes in New Zealand: The impact of the Market, Taxes and Government Spending, 1987/88–1997/98 (WP 04/20)
• Reducing Maori and Pacific Inequalities (WP 01/30)

I10

• Allocating Vote: Health - 'Needs Assessment' and an Economics-Based Approach (WP 00/04)
• The Cost of Ill Health (WP 10/04)
• Deprivation in New Zealand: Regional Patterns and Changes (WP 01/09)
• Health and Labour Force Participation (WP 10/03)
• Health and Retirement of Older New Zealanders (WP 12/02)
• Health and Wealth (WP10/05)

I11

• Investigating Health Technology Diffusion in New Zealand - How Does it Spread and Who Stands to Gain? (WP 06/05)
• Management of Key Purchaser Risks in Devolved Purchase Arrangements in Health Care (WP 00/17)
• Use of Targets to Improve Health System Performance: English NHS Experience and Implications for New Zealand (WP 06/06)

I12

• A Review of Options for Health and Disability Support Purchasing in New Zealand (WP 00/20)
• Understanding the Growth in Welfare Benefit Receipt in Britain: A Review of the Evidence (WP 00/23)

I18

• Poverty, Income Inequality and Health (WP 01/29)

I21

• Adult literacy and economic growth (WP 04/24)
• Healthy, Wealthy and Wise? A Review of the Wider Benefits of Education (WP 04/04)
• School Leaving, Labour Supply and Tertiary Education Choices of Young Adults: An Economic Analysis Utilising the 1977-1995 Christchurch Health and Development Surveys (WP 00/03)
• Secondary and Tertiary Educational Attainment and Income Levels for Maori and Non-Maori Over Time (WP 00/18)

I28

• Human Capital Policies and The Distribution of Income: A Framework for Analysis and Literature Review (WP 01/03)
• Knowledge, Capabilities and Human Capital Formation in Economic Growth (WP 01/13)

I29

• Education and Maori Relative Income Levels Over Time: The Mediating Effect of Occupation, Industry, Hours of Work and Locality (WP 02/17)

I2

• The Effects of Class Size on the Long-Run Growth in Reading Abilities and Early Adult Outcomes in the Christchurch Health and Development Study (WP 01/14)
• Human Capital and the Inclusive Economy (WP 01/16)

I30

• The Changes in New Zealand's Income Distribution (WP 00/13)
• A Preliminary Analysis of the Dynamics of Individual Market and Disposable Incomes (WP 00/15)
• Understanding Changes in the Distribution of Household Incomes in New Zealand between 1983-86 and 1995-98 (WP 01/21)

I31

• Adult Equivalence Scales, Inequality and Poverty in New Zealand (WP 04/21)
• Healthy, Wealthy and Wise? A Review of the Wider Benefits of Education (WP 04/04)
• Investing in Well-being: An Analytical Framework (WP 02/23)
• Outcomes Focussed Management in New Zealand - A Background Paper (WP 01/05)
• Understanding the Growth in Welfare Benefit Receipt in Britain: A Review of the Evidence (WP 00/23)
• Work and Family Balance: An Economic View (WP 03/26)

I32

• Adult Equivalence Scales, Inequality and Poverty in New Zealand (WP 04/21)
• Income Growth and Earnings Variations in New Zealand, 1998-2004 (WP 05/11)
• The Living Standards, Incomes and Accommodation Costs of Older New Zealanders Revisited (WP 05/03)

I38

• An Analysis of Benefit Flows in New Zealand Using a Social Accounting Framework (WP 13/01)
• The effect of New Zealand Superannuation eligibility age on the labour force participation of older people (WP 05/09)
• New Zealand’s Social Assistance System: Financial Incentives to Work (WP 03/18)
• New Zealand's Family Assistance Tax Credits: Evolution and Operation (WP 02/16)

I39

• Why Welfare Caseloads Fluctuate: A Review of Research on AFDC, SSI, and the Food Stamps Program (WP 00/07)

I3

• Reducing Maori and Pacific Inequalities (WP 01/30)

• JEL Classification
• A
• B
• C
• D
• E
• F
• G
• H
• I
• J
• L
• M
• N
• O
• P
• Q
• R
• S
• T
• U
• V
• W

J

J10

• The Changing Gender Distribution of Paid and Unpaid Work in New Zealand (WP 05/07)
• Women’s Participation in the Labour Force (WP 05/06)

J11

• The Ageing of the New Zealand Population, 1881-2051 (WP 03/27)
• An Analysis of Benefit Flows in New Zealand Using a Social Accounting Framework (WP 13/01)
• Can Population Projections be Used for Sensitivity Tests on Policy Models? (WP 03/07)
• Challenges and Choices: Modelling New Zealand's Long-term Fiscal Position (WP 10/01)
• Modelling the Effect of Population Ageing on Government Social Expenditures (WP 03/15)
• Population Ageing and Social Expenditure in New Zealand: Stochastic Projections (WP 02/28)
• Population Ageing in New Zealand - Implications for Living Standards and the Optimal Rate of Saving (WP 03/10)
• Social Expenditure in New Zealand: Stochastic Projections (WP 13/06)

J12

• Population Ageing in New Zealand: The Impact on Living Standards and the Optimal Rate of Saving with a Flexible Real Exchange Rate (WP 03/34)
• Theories of the Family and Policy (WP 04/02)

J13

• Investing in Well-being: An Analytical Framework (WP 02/23)
• School Leaving, Labour Supply and Tertiary Education Choices of Young Adults: An Economic Analysis Utilising the 1977-1995 Christchurch Health and Development Surveys (WP 00/03)
• Secondary and Tertiary Educational Attainment and Income Levels for Maori and Non-Maori Over Time (WP 00/18)
• Work and Family Balance: An Economic View (WP 03/26)

J14

• The Ageing of the New Zealand Population, 1881-2051 (WP 03/27)
• The Economics of Population Ageing (WP 02/05)
• Health and Retirement of Older New Zealanders (WP 12/02)

J15

• Education and Maori Relative Income Levels Over Time: The Mediating Effect of Occupation, Industry, Hours of Work and Locality (WP 02/17)
• Ethnicity and Early Labour Market Experiences in the Christchurch Health and Development Study (WP 02/06)

J16

• Women’s Retirement Incomes in New Zealand: A Household Bargaining Approach (WP 04/22)

J18

• The Economics of Population Ageing (WP 02/05)

J19

• New Zealand’s Diaspora and Overseas-born Population (WP 04/13)

J1

• Demographic Change and New Zealand's Economic Growth (WP 03/04)
• Household Incomes in New Zealand: The impact of the Market, Taxes and Government Spending, 1987/88–1997/98 (WP 04/20)

J21

• The Changing Gender Distribution of Paid and Unpaid Work in New Zealand (WP 05/07)
• Health and Retirement of Older New Zealanders (WP 12/02)
• Housing in the Household Portfolio and Implications for Retirement Saving: Some Initial Finding from SOFIE (WP 07/04)
• Labour Force Participation and GDP in New Zealand (WP 04/07)
• Qualifications, Employment and the Value of Human Capital, 1986-2001 (WP 03/35)
• Wage and Employment Rates in New Zealand from 1991 to 2001 (WP 03/13)
• Women’s Participation in the Labour Force (WP 05/06)

J22

• The Changing Gender Distribution of Paid and Unpaid Work in New Zealand (WP 05/07)
• The Cost of Ill Health (WP 10/04)
• Health and Labour Force Participation (WP 10/03)
• Healthy, Wealthy and Working: Retirement Decisions of Older New Zealanders (WP 10/02)
• Income Tax Revenue Elasticities with Endogenous Labour Supply (WP 02/22)
• New Zealand Labour Supply from 1991-2001: An Analysis Based on a Discrete Choice Structural Utility Model (WP 03/23)
• Youth Minimum Wage Reform and the Labour Market (WP 04/03)

J23

• Youth Minimum Wage Reform and the Labour Market (WP 04/03)

J24

• Education and Maori Relative Income Levels Over Time: The Mediating Effect of Occupation, Industry, Hours of Work and Locality (WP 02/17)
• Ethnicity and Early Labour Market Experiences in the Christchurch Health and Development Study (WP 02/06)
• Human Capital Policies and The Distribution of Income: A Framework for Analysis and Literature Review (WP 01/03)
• Institutions, Firms and Economic Growth (WP 04/19)
• Knowledge, Capabilities and Human Capital Formation in Economic Growth (WP 01/13)
• Labour Force Participation and GDP in New Zealand (WP 04/07)
• Measures of Human Capital: A Review of the Literature (WP 05/10)
• Productivity, Capital-Intensity and Labour Quality at Sector Level in New Zealand and the UK (WP 07/01)
• Qualifications, Employment and the Value of Human Capital, 1986-2001 (WP 03/35)
• Workplace Skills, Technology Adoption and Firm Productivity: A Review (WP 04/16)
• Youth Minimum Wage Reform and the Labour Market (WP 04/03)

J26

• Health and Retirement of Older New Zealanders (WP 12/02)
• Healthy, Wealthy and Working: Retirement Decisions of Older New Zealanders (WP 10/02)
• Household Saving Behaviour in New Zealand: A Cohort Analysis (WP 01/18)
• Household Saving Behaviour in New Zealand: Why do Cohorts Behave Differently? (WP 03/32)
• Housing in the Household Portfolio and Implications for Retirement Saving: Some Initial Finding from SOFIE (WP 07/04)
• The Impact of Workplace and Personal Superannuation Schemes on Net Worth: Evidence from the Household Savings Survey (WP 04/08)
• Regional Economic Performance in New Zealand: How Does Auckland Compare? (WP 05/08)
• Saving for Retirement: New Evidence for New Zealand (WP 04/12)
• Women’s Retirement Incomes in New Zealand: A Household Bargaining Approach (WP 04/22)

J2

• The Effects of Class Size on the Long-Run Growth in Reading Abilities and Early Adult Outcomes in the Christchurch Health and Development Study (WP 01/14)

J30

• Economic Explanations of Earnings Distribution Trends in the International Literature and Application to New Zealand (WP 00/16)
• Low Wage Jobs and Pathways to Better Outcomes (WP 02/29)

J31

• Adult literacy and economic growth (WP 04/24)
• Education and Maori Relative Income Levels Over Time: The Mediating Effect of Occupation, Industry, Hours of Work and Locality (WP 02/17)
• Ethnicity and Early Labour Market Experiences in the Christchurch Health and Development Study (WP 02/06)
• Wage and Employment Rates in New Zealand from 1991 to 2001 (WP 03/13)

J33

• Work and Family Balance: An Economic View (WP 03/26)

J38

• Work and Family Balance: An Economic View (WP 03/26)
• Youth Minimum Wage Reform and the Labour Market (WP 04/03)

J3

• Human Capital and the Inclusive Economy (WP 01/16)

J40

• Facts About Economic Integration: How Integrated is New Zealand with the Rest of the World? (WP 00/21)

J60

• Adult literacy and economic growth (WP 04/24)
• Low Wage Jobs and Pathways to Better Outcomes (WP 02/29)

J61

• Migration and Economic Growth: A 21st Century Perspective (WP 06/02)
• Modelling Regional Labour Market Adjustment in New Zealand (WP 02/01)
• Regional Labour market Adjustment and the Movements of People: A Review (WP 01/08)

J62

• Income and Occupational Intergenerational Mobility in New Zealand (WP 10/06)

• JEL Classification
• A
• B
• C
• D
• E
• F
• G
• H
• I
• J
• L
• M
• N
• O
• P
• Q
• R
• S
• T
• U
• V
• W

K

K00

• Institutions, Firms and Economic Growth (WP 04/19)
• Population Ageing in New Zealand: The Impact on Living Standards and the Optimal Rate of Saving with a Flexible Real Exchange Rate (WP 03/34)
• Theories of the Family and Policy (WP 04/02)

K11

• Property Rights and Environmental Policy: A New Zealand Perspective (WP 03/02)
• Protection Against Government Takings: Compensation for Regulation? (WP 02/18)
• Theory vs Reality: Making Environmental Use Rights Work in New Zealand (WP 04/06)

K20

• Financial Systems and Economic Growth: An Evaluation Framework for Policy (WP 04/17)

K21

• Competition Policy in Small Distant Open Economies: Some Lessons from the Economics Literature (WP 03/31)

K32

• Greening the WTO's Disputes Settlement Understanding: Opportunities and Risks (WP 01/28)
• Protection Against Government Takings: Compensation for Regulation? (WP 02/18)
• Regulatory Issues in Biosecurity (WP 01/23)

K34

• Financial Systems and Economic Growth: An Evaluation Framework for Policy (WP 04/17)

K42

• Estimating the Costs of Crime in New Zealand in 2003/04 (WP 06/04)

• JEL Classification
• A
• B
• C
• D
• E
• F
• G
• H
• I
• J
• L
• M
• N
• O
• P
• Q
• R
• S
• T
• U
• V
• W

L

L00

• The Contributions from Firm Entry, Exit and Continuation to Labour Productivity Growth in New Zealand (WP 05/01)
• Toward a Model of Firm Productivity Dynamics (WP 06/11)

L11

• Firm Dynamics in New Zealand: A Comparative Analysis with OECD Countries (WP 04/11)
• Multi-Product Exporters and Product Turnover Behaviour of New Zealand Exporters (WP 09/01)

L14

• Geography, Trade and Growth Problems and Possibilities for the New Zealand Economy (WP 03/03)

L16

• Changes in New Zealand's Production Structure: An Input Output Analysis (WP 03/01)
• Inter Industry Linkages in New Zealand (WP 02/09)
• New Zealand’s Production Structure: An International Comparison (WP 03/16)

L19

• Workplace Skills, Technology Adoption and Firm Productivity: A Review (WP 04/16)

L20

• Contemporary Microeconomic Foundations for the Structure and Management of the Public Sector (WP 12/01)

L29

• Work and Family Balance: An Economic View (WP 03/26)

L32

• Outcomes Focussed Management in New Zealand - A Background Paper (WP 01/05)
• Review of Evidence on Broad Outcome of Public Sector Management Regime (WP 01/06)

L33

• Contemporary Microeconomic Foundations for the Structure and Management of the Public Sector (WP 12/01)

L40

• Competition Policy in Small Distant Open Economies: Some Lessons from the Economics Literature (WP 03/31)

L50

• Competition Policy in Small Distant Open Economies: Some Lessons from the Economics Literature (WP 03/31)

L51

• Encouraging Quality Regulation: Theories and Tools (WP 03/24)
• Institutions, Firms and Economic Growth (WP 04/19)

L60

• Multi-Product Exporters and Product Turnover Behaviour of New Zealand Exporters (WP 09/01)

L6

• Calm After the Storm? Supply-side Contributions to New Zealand's GDP Volatility Decline (WP 01/33)

L70

• Carbon Dioxide Emissions Reductions in New Zealand: A Minimum Disruption Approach (WP 04/25)

• JEL Classification
• A
• B
• C
• D
• E
• F
• G
• H
• I
• J
• L
• M
• N
• O
• P
• Q
• R
• S
• T
• U
• V
• W

M

N

N20

• Household Net Wealth: An International Comparison (WP 01/19)

N30

• Knowledge, Capabilities and Human Capital Formation in Economic Growth (WP 01/13)

N35

• Human Capital Policies and The Distribution of Income: A Framework for Analysis and Literature Review (WP 01/03)